International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
Volume 9 (1986), Issue 2, Pages 409-411
doi:10.1155/S0161171286000510

A digraph equation for homomorphic images

Robert D. Girse and Richard A. Gillman

Department of Mathematics, Idaho State University, Pocatello 83209, Idaho, USA

Received 20 November 1985

Copyright © 1986 Robert D. Girse and Richard A. Gillman. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The definitions of a homomorphism and a contraction of a graph are generalized to digraphs. Solutions are given to the graph equation ϕ(D)¯=θϕ(D¯).