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"Gravitational Radiation from Post-Newtonian Sources
and Inspiralling Compact Binaries"
Luc Blanchet 
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Analytic approximations and wave generation formalism
1.2 The quadrupole moment formalism
1.3 Problem posed by compact binary systems
1.4 Post-Newtonian equations of motion
1.5 Post-Newtonian gravitational radiation
A Post-Newtonian Sources
2 Non-linear Iteration of the Vacuum Field Equations
2.1 Einstein’s field equations
2.2 Linearized vacuum equations
2.3 The multipolar post-Minkowskian solution
2.4 Generality of the MPM solution
2.5 Near-zone and far-zone structures
3 Asymptotic Gravitational Waveform
3.1 The radiative multipole moments
3.2 Gravitational-wave tails and tails-of-tails
3.3 Radiative versus source moments
4 Matching to a Post-Newtonian Source
4.1 The matching equation
4.2 General expression of the multipole expansion
4.3 Equivalence with the Will–Wiseman formalism
4.4 The source multipole moments
5 Interior Field of a Post-Newtonian Source
5.1 Post-Newtonian iteration in the near zone
5.2 Post-Newtonian metric and radiation reaction effects
5.3 The 3.5PN metric for general matter systems
5.4 Radiation reaction potentials to 4PN order
B Compact Binary Systems
6 Regularization of the Field of Point Particles
6.1 Hadamard self-field regularization
6.2 Hadamard regularization ambiguities
6.3 Dimensional regularization of the equations of motion
6.4 Dimensional regularization of the radiation field
7 Newtonian-like Equations of Motion
7.1 The 3PN acceleration and energy for particles
7.2 Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formulations
7.3 Equations of motion in the center-of-mass frame
7.4 Equations of motion and energy for quasi-circular orbits
7.5 The 2.5PN metric in the near zone
8 Conservative Dynamics of Compact Binaries
8.1 Concept of innermost circular orbit
8.2 Dynamical stability of circular orbits
8.3 The first law of binary point-particle mechanics
8.4 Post-Newtonian approximation versus gravitational self-force
9 Gravitational Waves from Compact Binaries
9.1 The binary’s multipole moments
9.2 Gravitational wave energy flux
9.3 Orbital phase evolution
9.4 Polarization waveforms for data analysis
9.5 Spherical harmonic modes for numerical relativity
10 Eccentric Compact Binaries
10.1 Doubly periodic structure of the motion of eccentric binaries
10.2 Quasi-Keplerian representation of the motion
10.3 Averaged energy and angular momentum fluxes
11 Spinning Compact Binaries
11.1 Lagrangian formalism for spinning point particles
11.2 Equations of motion and precession for spin-orbit effects
11.3 Spin-orbit effects in the gravitational wave flux and orbital phase
Acknowledgments
References
Footnotes
Updates
Figures
Tables
Our notation is the following: L = i1i2...iℓ denotes a multi-index, made of ℓ (spatial) indices. Similarly, we write for instance K = j1...jk (in practice, we generally do not need to write explicitly the “carrier” letter i or j), or aL− 1 = ai1...iℓ−1. Always understood in expressions such as Eq. (34*) are ℓ summations over the indices i1,...,iℓ ranging from 1 to 3. The derivative operator ∂L is a short-hand for ∂i1 ...∂iℓ. The function KL (for any space-time indices αβ) is symmetric and trace-free (STF) with respect to the ℓ indices composing L. This means that for any pair of indices ip,iq ∈ L, we have K...ip...iq...= K...iq...ip... and that δipiqK...ip...iq...= 0 (see Ref. [403*] and Appendices A and B in Ref. [57*] for reviews about the STF formalism). The STF projection is denoted with a hat, so ˆ KL ≡ KL, or sometimes with carets around the indices, KL ≡ K ⟨L ⟩. In particular, ˆnL = n⟨L⟩ is the STF projection of the product of unit vectors nL = ni1 ...niℓ, for instance 1 ˆnij = n⟨ij⟩ = nij − 3δij and 1 ˆnijk = n⟨ijk⟩ = nijk − 5(δijnk + δiknj +δjkni); an expansion into STF tensors ˆnL = nˆL (𝜃,ϕ) is equivalent to the usual expansion in spherical harmonics Ylm = Ylm(𝜃,ϕ), see Eqs. (75) below. Similarly, we denote xL = xi1 ...xiℓ = rlnL where r = |x|, and ˆxL = x⟨L⟩ = STF [xL]. The Levi-Civita antisymmetric symbol is denoted 𝜖ijk (with 𝜖123 = 1). Parenthesis refer to symmetrization, T(ij) = 12(Tij + Tji). Superscripts (q) indicate q successive time derivations.