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## Helmke, Stefan

E-Mail helmke （emailアドレスには＠kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp をつけてください）

U R L

In my last report I stated the view that with the help of a certain effective version of the local uniformization theorem which I could prove in~[6], I could quickly finish my proof of Fujita's Conjecture. As it turned out, this view was slightly too optimistic. In fact, while my method indeed proved the kind of result I mentioned in that report, for the applications I had in mind, this was not quite enough. One also needs good upper bounds for the number of blow-ups the algorithm uses to obtain such an effective local uniformization, and that was rather hopeless with my method, so that I decided to postpone the publication of those results. However, recently I was able to considerably improve the method, so that it seems to work now. In what follows, I like to briefly outline the crucial ideas of this new method.
We start, quite generally, with a regular local ring~$R$ together with a regular system of parameters $x_1,\dots,x_d$. Suppose~$v$ is a valuation of the quotient field of~$R$, dominating~$R$. We want to find an infinite sequence of blow-us of~$R$, such that eventually every element of~$R$ would become a monomial at some stage of that process, and in a somewhat effective way. For simplicity, we may assume here that the residue field of~$v$ coincides with that of~$R$. In that case, the most elementary singularities we need to uniformize are binomials of the form $m_1-u\cdot m_2$, where~$m_1$ and~$m_2$ are two different monomials, i.e.~products of powers of the coordinate functions~$x_i$, and~$u$ is a unit in~$R$. Without the unit, such binomials are easy to uniformize with a purely combinatorial method and if~$R$ contains the field of rational numbers, the unit can be essentially absorbed in one of the coordinate functions, so that it is not a cause of trouble here. Aside, over a field of positive characteristics, or in the case of mixed characteristics, this unit is indeed the sole cause of trouble, but unfortunately there seems to be no easy way to dispense of this unit from the expression. But in characteristic zero the only problem now is that, when iterating this process, some other binomials transform into functions of the form $m_1-u\cdot m_2$ with $m_1=m_2$, which apparently looks like a rather arbitrary function! But a careful analysis shows that the extra singularities introduced by this process can be surprisingly easily dealt with, and in an effective way. In this way then, one uniformizes one binomial after another in order of their value with respect to the valuation~$v$, each time producing new binomials, and shows that this value tends to infinity, which in turn shows that any element of~$R$ with value in the minimal isolated subgroup of the valuation group is uniformized by this process. This argument contrasts to all previously known arguments by the fact that it totally avoids the use of any kind of multiplicity in order to show that it uniformizes a given function, which then makes it much easier to prove its effectiveness.

1. S. Helmke, On Fujita's conjecture, Duke Math. J. 88 (1997), 201--216.
2. S. Helmke, On global generation of adjoint linear systems, Math. Ann. 313 (1999), 635--652.
3. S. Helmke, The base point free theorem and the Fujita conjecture, Vanishing theorems and effective results in algebraic geometry, ICTP Lecture Notes 6, Trieste, 2001, 215--248.
4. S. Helmke, Multiplier ideals and basepoint freeness, Oberwolfach reports 1, 2004, 1137--1139.
5. S. Helmke, New Combinatorial Methods in Algebraic Geometry, in preparation.
6. S. Helmke, On local uniformizations, in preparation.

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