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## Number Theory / Arithmetic Geometry Seminar

Title

Galois action on the etale fundamental group of the Fermat curve.

Date

October 7 (Mon), 2019, 16:30-17:30

Room

Room 110, RIMS

Speaker

Abstract

If $X$ is a curve defined over a number field $K$, then we are motivated to understand the action of the absolute Galois group of $K$ on the etale fundamental group of $X$. When $X$ is the Fermat curve of degree $p$ and $K$ is the cyclotomic field generated by a pth root of unity, Anderson proved several theorems about this action on the etale homology of $X$. In earlier work, we made Anderson's results more explicit, when the homology has coefficients modulo $p$. More recently, we use a cup product in cohomology to determine the action on the lower central series of the fundamental group of the Fermat curve with coefficients modulo $p$. The proof involves some fun Galois theory and combinatorics. This is joint work with Davis and Wickelgren.

Organizer Akio Tamagawa, Naotake Takao (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Date

March 11 and 12, 2019

Place

Monday, March 11, 16:00-17:00

Speaker

Rasmussen, Christopher (Wesleyan University)

Title

Improvements on Bounds for Heavenly Abelian Varieties

Abstract

For a rational prime $\ell > 2$, a natural question arising from the study of the arithmetic of certain Galois representations attached to fundamental groups is to consider the collection of abelian varieties over a fixed number field $K$ whose $\ell$-power torsion generates an extension of $K(\mu_{\ell})$ which is both pro-$\ell$ and unramified away from $\ell$. (We say such an abelian variety is heavenly at $\ell$.) Conjecturally, the set of $K$-isomorphism classes of heavenly varieties of fixed dimension $g$ is finite -- even when the prime $\ell$ is permitted to vary. In past joint work with Tamagawa, we have provided a proof of the Conjecture under GRH, and settled the Conjecture positively in a number of cases.

Such results imply the existence of a bound $L = L(K,g)$ such that $\ell < L$ for heavenly abelian varieties over $K$ of dimension $g$. Explicit formulas for such a bound $L$ exist in general, but are too weak to be of practical use. In this talk, we review previous results and also demonstrate a method for improving such bounds when one is willing to restrict attention to a fixed field $K$ and dimension $g$.

Tuesday, March 12 10:30-11:30

Speaker

Rasmussen, Christopher (Wesleyan University)

Title

Algorithms for Solving S-Unit Equations

Abstract

Many enumerative problems in arithmetic geometry and number theory take the form Find, up to isomorphism, all objects $\mathcal{O}$ with arithmetic property $\mathcal{P}(S)$,'' where the data $S$ is a finite set of places of a fixed number field $K$. Such problems often encounter a common computational obstacle; namely the solution of the $S$-unit equation $x + y = 1$ over the ring of $S$-integers of $K$. In this talk, we describe joint work with several mathematicians to create an open-source implementation of such an algorithm for general choices of $K$ and $S$. (Emphasis of this discussion will be on the mathematical, rather than computational, aspects of the project.) In addition, we provide some new partial results to various problems, including Asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem over certain cubic number fields.

Tuesday, March 12 13:30-15:00

Speaker

Sakugawa, Kenji (RIMS)

Title

On Jannsen's conjecture for modular forms

Abstract

Let M be a pure motive over Q and let M_p denotes its p-adic etale realization for each prime number p. In 1987's paper, Jannsen proposed a conjecture about a range of integers r such that the second Galois cohomology of M(r)_p vanishes for any prime number p. Here, M(r) denotes the rth Tate twist of M. When M is an Artin motive, Jannsen's conjecture had already essentially proven a half by Soule aroud early 1980's. In this talk, we consider the case when M is a motive associated to elliptic modular forms. I will explain my ongoing work about an approach to the conjecture used the p-weighted fundamental groups of modular curves.
(Sakugawa's lecture is given in Japanese.)

** We plan to have a meal for welcoming Prof. Rasmussen after the seminar of March 11. If you join the meal, could you inform Takao (e-mail: takao_at_kurims.kyoto-u.ac.jp) by March 4?

Organizer Akio Tamagawa, Naotake Takao (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Date and Place

Lecture 1, October 1st (Mon), 10:00-12:00, Room 110
Lecture 2, October 1st (Mon), 16:30-18:30, Room 110

Lecture 3, October 5th (Fri), 13:30-15:30, Room 110
Lecture 4, October 5th (Fri), 16:30-18:30, Room 110

Lecture 5, October 12th (Fri), 16:30-18:30, Room 111, 2018

Speaker

Collas, Benjamin (University of Bayreuth)

Title

Homotopical Arithmetic Geometry of Stacks

Abstract

Moduli spaces of curves possess properties which make them ideal spaces where to concretely study fundamental abstract theories of arithmetic geometry: they give geometric Galois representations that can be computed explicitly, furnish examples of anabelian spaces, and in genus zero generate the category of mixed Tate motives. They also possess a dual nature, being either considered as schemes or algebraic stacks.

The goal of this series of talks is to provide a basic introduction to these aspects by covering various fundamental geometric and arithmetic properties. It is intended for graduate students in algebraic geometry and non-specialists researchers. Elementary notions will be either recalled or illustrated with pictures/examples.

I- Algebraic & Deligne-Mumford Stacks (lectures 1 and 2) Taking the functor of points for schemes as initial motivation, we introduce the notion of stacks as lax functors in groupoids with descent conditions and show how to recover Laumon-Moret-Bailly's original definition. We present how the Artin and Deligne-Mumford algebraic versions -- that admit topological coverings by schemes -- allow to push'' algebraic geometry properties in this context. Keywords: diagrams of groupoids, Grothendieck topology and etale/ffpf/smooth morphisms, examples of global quotient and inertia stacks.

II - Moduli Problems & Moduli Spaces of Curves (lecture 3) We present how the scheme-stack structures and the geometry of curves lead to two solutions for building classifying spaces. Having introduced the notion of functor of moduli, we present Gieseker and Deligne-Mumford constructions of the moduli space of curves: the former follows Mumford G.I.T-theory and give a quasi-projective scheme, the latter produces a smooth algebraic Deligne-Mumford global stack with a nice stable compactification. Keywords: Hilbert scheme, explicit examples in low genus, stable compactification, formal neighbourhood.

III - Fundamental Group & Arithmetic (lecture 4) We follow Grothendieck construction of the etale fundamental group that leads to Geometric Galois actions of the absolute Galois group of rational on the geometric fundamental group of moduli stack of curves. We adapt this approach in the case of Deligne-Mumford stacks and show how it leads to a divisorial and a stack arithmetic of the spaces. Following the seminal work of Ihara, Matsumoto and Nakamura, we present explicit results and properties of the former, then recent similar results in the case of cyclic inertia for the latter. Keywords: properties of the etale fundamental group, explicit computations in low dimensions, tangential base points and representations.

IV - Motivic Theory for Moduli Stack of Curves (lecture 5) We present recent progress on an ongoing project on the construction of a category of motives for the moduli stacks of curves, whose main property is to reflect the arithmetic properties of the cyclic stack inertia. Having recalled briefly what the category of mixed motives should be, we first present Morel-Voevodski stable/unstable motivic homotopy categories, then how their homotopical-simplicial approach is well adapted to our goal. Keywords: Quillen model category, Artin-Mazur etale topological type, Mixed Tate motives and loop space.

Organizer Akio Tamagawa, Naotake Takao (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Emiliano Ambrosi's successive lectures

Title

Date

Lecture 1, August 24th (Thu), 13:30-15:00
Lecture 2, August 24th (Thu), 15:30-17:00

Lecture 3, August 28th (Mon), 13:30-15:00
Lecture 4, August 28th (Mon), 15:30-17:00

Lecture 5, September 1st (Fri), 13:30-15:00
Lecture 6, September 1st (Fri), 15:30-17:00, 2017

Room

Room 006, RIMS

Speaker

Emiliano Ambrosi 氏 (Ecole Polytechinique)

Abstract

Organizer Akio Tamagawa (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Chieh-Yu Chang 氏連続講義

Title

On Hilbert's seventh problem and transcendence theory

Date

October 9th (Wed), 23rd (Wed) and 28th (Mon), 2013, 10:30-12:00
[change in the date]
October 9th (Wed) 10:30-12:00,
October 23rd (Wed) 10:30-12:00, 13:30-15:00, 2013

Room

Room 006, RIMS

Speaker

Chieh-Yu Chang 氏 (National Tsing Hua University)

Abstract

Hilbert's seventh problem is about the linear independence question of two logarithms of algebraic numbers, which was solved by Gelfond and Schneider in the 1930s. Later on, it was generalized to several logarithms of algebraic numbers by Baker in the 1960s and generalized to general abelian logarithms of algebraic points by Wuestholz in the 1980s. This phenomenon can be also asked for multiple zeta values, but it is still open. In the first talk, we will give a survey on the classical theory and report recent progress on the parallel questions for function fields in positive characteristic. Current methods and tools of transcendence theory using t-motives will be discussed in the second and third talks.

Organizer Akio Tamagawa (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Mini-Workshop on Number Theory / Arithmetic Geometry

Date

Thursday, January 31, 2013

Room

Room 206, RIMS, Kyoto University

10:00 -- 10:20
Arata Minamide (RIMS, M2)
Elementary Anabelian Properties of Graphs

10:30 -- 10:50
Yang Yu (RIMS, M2)
Arithmetic Fundamental Groups and Geometry of Curves over a Discrete Valuation Ring

11:00 -- 11:20
On Finiteness of Twists of Abelian Varieties

13:00 -- 13:30
Yu Iijima (RIMS, D1)
Galois Action on Mapping Class Groups

13:45 -- 14:45
Density of the Ordinary Locus in the Hilbert-Siegel Moduli Spaces

Organizer Akio Tamagawa (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Title

Resolution of nonsingularities for Mumford curves.

Date

December 15 (Thu), 2011, 14:15-15:45

Room

Room 206, RIMS

Speaker

Emmanuel Lepage 氏 (Institut Mathematique de Jussieu)

Abstract

Let $X$ be a hyperbolic curve over $\overline Q_p$. I am interested in the following property: for every semistable model $\mathcal X$ of $X$ and every closed point $x$ of the special fiber there exists a finite covering $Y$ of $X$ such that the minimal semistable model $\mathcal Y$ of $Y$ above $\mathcal X$ has a vertical component above $x$. I will try to explain why hyperbolic Mumford curves satisfy this property. I will give anabelian appplications of this to the tempered fundamental group.

Mini-Workshop Rational Points on Modular Curves and Shimura Curves''

Date

Monday, October 26th, 2009

13:30--14:30
Keisuke Arai (Univ. Tokyo)
Points on $X_0^+(N)$ over quadratic fields
(joint work with F. Momose)

Abstract:  Momose (1987) studied the rational points on the modular curve $X_0^+(N)$ for a composite number $N$. He showed that the rational points on $X_0^+(N)$ consist of cusps and CM points under certain conditions on a prime divisor $p$ of $N$. But $p=37$ was excluded. For $37$ is peculiar because $X_0(37)$ is a hyperelliptic curve and $w_{37}$ is not the hyperelliptic involution. We show that the rational points on $X_0^+(37M)$ consist of cusps and CM points. We also show that the $K$-rational points on $X_0^+(N)$ consist of cusps and CM points for a quadratic field $K$ under certain conditions (both $p=37$ and $p\ne 37$ allowed).

14:45--15:45
Fumio Sairaiji (Hiroshima International Univ.)
Takuya Yamauchi (Osaka Prefecture Univ.)
On rational torsion points of central $\mathbb{Q}$-curves

Abstract:  Let $E$ be a central $\mathbb{Q}$-curve over a polyquadratic field $k$. In this talk we give an upper bound for prime divisors $p$ of the order of the $k$-rational torsion subgroup of $E$. For example, $p$ is less than or equal to 13, if the scalar restriction of $E$ from $k$ to $\mathbb{Q}$ is of GL$_2$-type with real multiplications. Our result is a generalization of the result of Mazur on elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$, and it is a precision of the upper bounds of Merel and Oesterl\'{e}.

16:00--17:00
Pierre Parent (Univ. Bordeaux 1)
Rational points on Shimura curves

Abstract:  For $B$ a rational quaternion algebra, the Shimura curve associated with $B$ (or more precisely its quotient by certain Atkin-Lehner involutions) is a moduli space, in a certain sense, for abelian surfaces with potential multiplication by $B$. Proving that those curves almost never have rational points would therefore allow a small step towards the conjecture, attributed to Coleman and Mazur, which predicts the scarcity of endomorphism algebras for abelian varieties of GL$_2$-type over $\mathbb{Q}$. We will present a method to study such rational points, developped by A. Yafaev and myself, and recently improved by F. Gillibert.

Organizers Akio Tamagawa (RIMS, Kyoto Univ.)

Marco Boggi 氏連続講演

Title

Profinite curve complexes and the congruence subgroup problem for the mapping class group''

Date

September 27th (Thu) and 28th (Fri), 2007

Room

at Room 206, RIMS, Kyoto University

27th (Thu)
10:00--12:00 Boggi
lunch
14:00--16:00 Boggi
16:00-- free discussion
dinner

28th (Fri)
10:00--12:00 Boggi
lunch
14:00--16:00 free discussion

Abstract

Title

Arithmetic from Geometry on Elliptic Curves

Date

June 2 (Fri), 2006, 16:30-17:30

Room

Room 202, RIMS

Speaker

Christopher Rasmussen (Rice Univ.)

Abstract

One of the philosophies of arithmetic geometry made popular by Grothendieck was the notion that the structure of the absolute Galois group of $\mathbf{Q}$, could be determined from geometric (or even combinatoric) data. In a related vein, one finds that the arithmetic properties of a curve are sometimes determined by its geometry. Specifically, the structure of a curve as a cover of the projective line can have arithmetic consequences for the Jacobian of the curve. We will discuss this situation in the case of elliptic curves, where this connection between arithmetic and geometry can be seen very clearly.

Title

Arithmetic Algebraic Geometry Lecture（集中講義）

Date

May 8 (Mon)- May 19, 2006.

Room

こちらをご覧ください

Speaker

Abstract

Weil が 1949 年に提出した Weil 予想は、 1970 年代のはじめに最終的に証明されるまで、 代数幾何学の大きな進展の原動力となり、 とくに Grothendieck が Weil 予想の証明をめざして導入した エタールコホモロジーは、現在の整数論の重要な道具となった。 その経緯をふり返りつつ、エタールコホモロジーの解説をおこなう。

Title

Algebraic dynamical systems (preperiodic points, Mahler measures, equidistribution of small points)

Date

May 1 (Mon), 2006, 16:30-

Room

Room 202, RIMS

Speaker

Lucien Szpiro (City Univ. New York)

Abstract

Reference: (available at http://math.gc.cuny.edu/faculty/szpiro/People_Faculty_Szpiro.html) --Joint papers with T. Tucker
--Joint paper with E. Ullmo and S. Zhang

Date

April 10 (Mon), 2006, 14:00-17:00

Room

Room 202, RIMS

(14:00-15:15)

Speaker

Michel Matignon (Univ. Bordeaux 1/Chuo Univ.)

Title

Wild monodromy groups and automorphisms groups of curves

(16:00-16:45)

Speaker

Barry Green (Univ. Stellenbosch/Chuo Univ.)

Title

Selected results on liftings of Galois covers of smooth curves from char. p to char. 0

Title

Mini-Workshop Arithmetic Geometry of Covers of Curves and Related Topics''

Date

September 12 (Mon), 13(Tue), 2005

URL

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